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Using Field Names to Reconstruct the Past: a study of Clavering

The study of place names requires a knowledge of ancient languages, which discourages contribution by the amateur. Not so with field names, for which the knowledge of local historians can provide vital clues to interpretation.

1979 Blueprint for Walden Buildings published: Saffron Walden Conservation Study
Lorry drivers like driving through old towns and enjoy the nuisance value they create.
A Moment in Time: Manuden in wartime
The last few household possessions had been securely lifted into Mr Horley's van and my mother had gone back to the cottage to lock the front door. She tried the handle again to make sure it was locked then put the key in an envelope, together with a note for Charlie. She walked briskly to his door and pushed it underneath. Walking back past our cottage she took one last look through the front window, hesitated a little, then turned and walked quite quickly down the path to the removal van.
American Bittern: an historic first for Essex
A remarkable detective story began when Nick Green, a member of the Essex Avifauna Committee, joined a group of ornithologists researching specimens of mounted birds kept at museums in Essex.
Archives of Saffron Walden-Crime Records, Diaries & Letters
Saffron Walden is rich in historical archives, held by the Town Library, Saffron Walden Museum, the Town Council, Essex Record Office Archive Access Point and others, and much of it still largely untapped
Bronze Age Hoards from NW Essex
Our understanding of local prehistory has been enriched over the past few years
Camden’s Britannia
Among the treasures of Saffron Walden Town Library are various editions of the first-ever topographical survey of the whole country, by William Camden
Carnival v Festival
‘About five minutes television film time’, estimated BBC Director, Don Howarth, when questioned by a Weekly News reporter about the results of a To-Night television film team’s visit to Saffron Walden on Sunday.
Causewayed Enclosures and Stone Circles
Causewayed Enclosures are rare in England, with only about 60 known to exist, most of them in the south and south-east, but at least ten of these were clustered in the Cambridge area
Churches of North-West Essex
In 1973 the National Association of Decorative & Fine Art Societies or NADFAS (Now known as The Arts Society) set up an ambitious project to record all the features of churches, including names of artists, manufacturers, donors and those commemorated.
Clavering Castle: a mysterious moated monument
Clavering Castle, which lies next to the Parish Church, is a large moated site designated by English Heritage as a Scheduled Ancient Monument, of Saxon or medieval origin.
Closure of Langley Methodist Church
The final service at Langley Methodist Church on Sunday 18 July 2004 marked the end of over 142 years since the chapel was opened in 1862
Comings and goings in 18th Century Saffron Walden
The general picture of an English market town in the 18th century was one of a settled society with only a limited amount of movement of people in and out of the town.
Compton Census in NW Essex
In January 1675/6 Gilbert Sheldon, Archbishop of Canterbury, directed that a census be made of the number of inhabitants papist recusants and dissenters in each parish
Cotman Connections: a case of serendipity
Our search gradually revealed the history of another family in Church Street, one that produced one of our finest watercolour painters, John Sell Cotman.
Crawley Agrimotor of Saffron Walden
In the early 20th century the town had its own motor-plough production and assembly plant
East Anglia and the Abolition of the Slave Trade
Between 1690 and 1807 it is estimated that some 11 million Africans were transported across the Atlantic as slaves
Essex Record Office Archive Access Point in Saffron Walden
The Essex Record Office Archive Access Point in Saffron Walden was opened in January 1996 in response to prolonged lobbying from local organisations, historical groups and individual historians
Ethnography at Saffron Walden Museum
Upstairs, in the semi-darkened rooms of Saffron Walden Museum, there lies a remarkable collection of cultural artefacts from all around the world, many of them gathered at the height of Victorian collection fever.
Farmer, miller, clock-maker and Baptist minister-Richard Pettit 1752-1824, a man of many talents.
Richard Pettit was born about 1752 at Home Farm in Little Sampford (4), a small village on the River Pant in the North West corner of Essex. He succeeded his father at Home Farm and also took over what was then Stanton’s Mill on the hill overlooking the river valley.
Francis Gibson’s Garden
Francis Gibson (1805–58), the youngest of Atkinson Francis Gibson’s children, conceived and designed Bridge End Garden, previously known as Fry’s Gardens.
From Jacobean Mansion to Sabotage School: the wartime history of Audley End House
Audley End House, codenamed Special Training School (STS) 43, was the principal establishment for training Polish SOE agents, 1942-1944. They were called ‘Cichociemni’, pronounced ‘chicko-chemny’, which translates as the ‘unseen and silent’.
Goodbye Woolies
two old properties were demolished and replaced by Woolworths’ splendid new modern store.
Historians of Essex
The now considerable corpus of Essex historical literature and historiography is an important component of county tradition and its heritage. This brief survey of the Essex historians and their books is necessarily constrained by considerations of space and content.
Holed stones and sharp iron: equine folklore at Wicken Bonhunt
The tiny settlement of Bonhunt, part of the parish of Wicken Bonhunt, four miles south-west of Saffron Walden, consists today of only four houses and the abandoned and desecrated early medieval chapel of St. Helen
How Saffron Walden correlates to the Demographic Transition Model between 1700 and 1850
Saffron Walden was a town that was relatively unaffected by the Industrial Revolution, not experiencing vast amounts of in-migration. Instead it continued to thrive as a market centre for the surrounding villages
Impact of the American air bases during World War Two in East Anglia
In 1939 there were only 1,700,000 people living in East Anglia. The main industry continued to be centred around agriculture, but the East Anglian economy was in a poor state in the pre-war period.
John Collin, Attorney of Saffron Walden, 1740- 1783
John Collin, who was born in 1740 and died in 1783, was an attorney and banker from Saffron Walden.
John Newman: Martyr
A blue plaque with the above inscription is to be found on the wall of Saffron Walden Town Hall above the western end of the front portico
Lief Aalbu’s Scrapbook
Amongst the papers of former Town Clerk H. C. Stacey in the Saffron Walden Town Library is a cheap red scrapbook that provides a unique insight into life in Saffron Walden during the second half of WW2
Lieutenant of the Tower of London, Sir William Waad of Battles Hall, Manuden
On the north wall of what used to be called 'Battles' Chapel', now the vestry of St Mary's Church, Manuden, is a large, elaborate tablet extolling the virtues of Sir William Waad who lived at Battles Hall, Manuden from 1586 to 1623
Littlebury-a walk back in time around the bounds
On Sunday 21 May 2006 the History Group of the Parish of Littlebury Millennium Society re-created the ancient tradition of beating the parish bounds.
Lost Parish of Thunderley
Thunderley was a parish in NW Essex till the 15th century when it was judged unable to support a parson and merged with neighbouring Wimbish.
Memories of Broxted
‘The date is 1910, when as a girl of twelve years, I lived in a small village among the meadows, brooks, and endless miles of flowering hedges and trees. All was peaceful in my little village… a church, post-office, mill, school and a candy shop.
Memories of the Boys’ British School, Saffron Walden 1937-1964
‘A man’s world’ – or so it seemed to me when I joined the staff of B.B.S. in 1937.
Molehill Green Landscape History
Molehill Green, a hamlet which is part of the parish of Takeley, bordering on Broxted, was envisaged to almost completely disappear if the proposal to build a second runway for Stansted Airport had gone ahead
Not Jumbo: Saffron Walden Museum’s Elephant 1834 – 1960
One of the most illustrious specimens to be displayed in Saffron Walden’s museum was the famous elephant. Yet it was very nearly sent away without being unpacked. It arrived in the country in 1834, together with a large number of other southern African animals and birds, as a response to a letter written by Hannibal Dunn, one of the founder members of the Saffron Walden Natural History Society, to his brother Robert then living at Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape of South Africa.
Radwinter’s Wartime Harvest Camp
The country was hard-pressed to feed itself during the war, looking to the farmers to plough every last acre. Come harvest time, there was a shortage of labour.
Recent Archaeology in Saffron Walden Town Centre
Saffron Walden has one of the best preserved historic centres in Essex.
Right up my Street
I had been writing features for the Weekly News for almost four years when the Editor, the late Gordon Richards, asked me if I would be interested in a new series called Down Your Street
Saffron Walden and the Struggle for Democracy
The English Civil War, which divided England between the supporters of Charles I and those of Parliament in the middle of the 17th century, ground to a temporary conclusion in the twelve months following the Parliamentary army’s victory at the battle of Naseby on 14 June 1645
Saffron Walden Borough Arms Deo Adjuvante Floremus
In 1784 William Robinson jnr made a drawing which included the Borough Arms as used then, based on the 1688 seal made after the 1685 Charter.
Saffron Walden College
During the years 1884-1977 Saffron Walden College for Mistresses had a distinguished history
Saffron Walden Convent
Until 1974, a forbidding brick wall ran along the Ashdon Road on the north side of the Common, largely concealing an even more forbidding and austere building.
Saffron Walden Town Hall
A book with the title ‘Accct of Town Hall & New Buildings begun 1761’ in the town archives is endorsed ‘Samuel Fiske 1826 given me by J. Wolfe Esq’.
Saint Blaise
Because of the importance of wool to the local economy, celebrations of Saint Blaise's day regularly took place in Saffron Walden. The last procession reportedly took place in 1778.
Seventeenth Century Copper Tokens of Saffron Walden: a commentary
Copper farthing and halfpenny coins were issued in the mid-17th century by the town's tradesmen in the absence of royal copper coinage.
Site of the Battle of Assandun, 1016
The Battle of Assandun was the event which eventually gave Cnut the Crown of England.
Skulduggery in the History of Strethall-A Millennium of Malfeasance in the Smallest Parish
Small parishes do not necessarily have brief histories. Strethall (600 acres, 11 houses - current population 22) is arguably the smallest parish in Essex but its origin can be traced back well before Domesday when the 10 hides of land sold by King Aethelred
Some Saffron Walden Buildings and their Architects
Saffron Walden’s many and remarkable old buildings include features of nearly every architectural period from Norman times until the present day.
Some Stately Homes of North-West Essex
The manor and estates of Little Easton were held in the Middle Ages by the Bourchiers, Earls of Essex 1356 – 1540. In 1582 the Manor of Easton, with its estates, was gifted by Queen Elizabeth I to Henry Maynard in recognition of his long service as Private Secretary to Lord Burleigh, the Queen’s Treasurer and Lord Chancellor.
St. Mary’s, Saffron Walden Burial Registers 1558-1892
The burial registers officially continue until the end of 1856, when the churchyard was closed for burials due to overcrowding
The Archetypical Poisoning Woman: Sarah Chesham
Sarah Chesham was a working-class, illiterate woman who lived at Ponds cottages in Clavering. She was charged with murder (poisoning with arsenic) and tried on four occasions,
The Battle Ditches in Saffron Walden
This article brings together some of my reading and offers some suggestions as to the purpose of the Battle Ditches and a possible candidate for the driving force behind such a large undertaking. It should be said that the earthworks are most probably part of the town enclosure, but throughout the article they will be called the Battle Ditches.
The Churchmans of 16th and 17th century Walden, Wenden and Littlebury
People of the middling sort were rare in the 16th and 17th century. In the arable areas of Essex, most people were either farm labourers (i.e. essentially, peasants) or were part of the small, all-powerful gentry.
The Dissenters’ Burial Ground at Wimbish
The Wimbish Dissenters’ burial ground today is well-maintained, planted with bulbs, and contains two memorial stones, as well as a seat donated by descendants in 2002.
The History and Architecture of Number 1 Myddylton Place, Saffron Walden
Saffron Walden's Youth Hostel stood on the corner of Myddylton Place and Bridge Street, once the main trading route and busy thoroughfare leading from London to Cambridge.
The Legacy of Adrian Gibson
Adrian Gibson, left an important legacy to the town of Saffron Walden by carefully describing and listing many of its most important buildings on behalf of English Heritage
The Misses Hart of Saffron Walden
The story of Hart's is well known: of how Henry Hart, a carpenter's son from Linton, was apprenticed as printer in 1814 to George Youngman in Market Hill, Saffron Walden; and of how he bought his own printing press in 1836 and set up a stationery shop.
The Moat Farm Murder – new documents
The story of this scheming, philandering killer, Samuel Herbert Dougal and his callous elimination of Camille Holland, in order to get hold of her money, has been retold so endlessly in numerous books and articles, even novels and plays, that one would think there was nothing left to say on the subject.
The National Trust in Saffron Walden and North-West Essex
The National Trust in recent years has spoken out about the damage that could accompany ill-considered decisions to build on green-field sites as a result of the relaxation of current planning policies.
The Somme Anniversary
On 1st July 1916 began the longest and most costly land battle in British history – the battle of the Somme.
The Stone Coffin, the Lost Chapel and the Miracle of the Ring
This is the intriguing story of one of the Miracles associated with Edward the Confessor, the last of the Saxon kings, and of its connection to a long-forgotten chapel in the village of Clavering in NW Essex
The Story of Widow Mowl: Parish politics in 18th century rural England
Elizabeth Pomfrett was born in Saffron Walden in 1742. On the 2 May 1774 she married John Mowl, a higler of Thriplow in Thriplow Church.
The Walden Slades
The Slades, three little streams that run through Saffron Walden, have an interesting history, including their impact on the town. The three streams drain the high land east of the town.
Treasure at Catons Lane: results of metal detector survey
With the kind permission of Steve Cox and the Saffron Walden Football Club. I was afforded the opportunity to conduct an extensive survey of the football pitch both before and during soil disturbance
Using Field Names to Reconstruct the Past: a study of Clavering
The study of place names requires a knowledge of ancient languages, which discourages contribution by the amateur. Not so with field names, for which the knowledge of local historians can provide vital clues to interpretation.
Who lies in the vault? An investigation of the occupants of Debden Church vault
In recent years, the vault beneath the chancel of Debden church has been open to the public during the Church Christmas Fair.
Wimbish and Thunderley – the development of settlement in a boulder-clay landscape
Thunderley and Wimbish since the Conquest, landholding and agricultural change in NW Essex
Wombwell’s Menagerie
George Wombwell was one of nine children of John Wombwell and Sarah Rogers. George was born on 24 December 1777 in Duddenhoe End in N.W. Essex
‘Establishments for Young Ladies’ Private Boarding Schools for Females c.1791-1861 with emphasis on Saffron Walden Ladies’ Schools
After 1779 many private schools sprang up to cater for the needs of those who were not only dissatisfied with the old- fashioned, grammar schools for their sons, but also wanted education for their girls.
‘Say it with Flowers’ The Engelmann Nursery, Saffron Walden
The difficulty of producing flowers throughout the year in the unfavourable British climate was finally solved by the development of the heated greenhouse.
‘STAND AWHILE AND ADMIRE’ A History of the Saffron Walden Museum
In September, 1832, three gentlemen strolled across the grass in front of the ruined keep of Walden Castle, deep in conversation. They were talking about the possibility of putting up a building for use as a museum

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